27 . ‘A’ has a dependency with ‘B’ is best expressed by?

Choose the one below:

1. Option a
2. Option b
3. Option c
4. Option d
5. Option e
6. Options b and d
7. Options d and e

28 . Refer to the following diagram?

From the following diagram it can be deduced that:

Choose the one below:

1. Changes to classes in the Customer package may only impact the Order package
2. Changes to classes in the Customer package will impact Order and OrderLine packages
3. Changes to the OrderLine package will impact the Customer package
4. Changes to the Customer package will have no impact on the other two packages

29 . Refer to the following diagram?

From the diagram, it can be inferred that

Choose the one below:

1. 1 A can have 2 Bs associated with it
2. 1 A can have 4 Bs associated with it
3. 1 A can have 2 to 4 Bs associated with it
4. 1 A can have exactly 2 or 4 Bs associated with it
5. The multiplicity indicated is only legal in the Booch method, not in UML

30 . Fragile Oars, a manufacturer of boating supplies has a mainframe based legacy application for customer and order management. Recently, Fragile Oars embarked on a project to add Internet presence to its products and services and hence created a company website. Since then, its management has realized the importance of having an eFront and wants to start conducting business over the Internet. Fragile Oars wants to use Applets as the front-end?
What is the best method to connect to this legacy system?

Choose the one below:

1. Using the same applets
2. Using different applets
3. Using Java Server Pages
4. Using Java Servlets

31 . Baby Bell is a new local Telephony provider in Chicago, IL. It has a legacy application for the B2B transactions with Verizon, the Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier (ILEC.) Baby Bell frequently purchases blocks of Telephone numbers from the ILEC using a CORBA RPC call. There numbers are then assigned to the customers in sequence. Sometimes customers request vanity numbers, in which case, a custom synchronous query is made on the ILEC’s operational support system, to check for number’s availability?

If Baby Bell were to rewrite its existing legacy code using newer J2EE technology, what technology would you choose so that both the block purchase and the individual query might be accommodated?

Choose the one below:

1. Java Applet technology for the CORBA call and custom socket programming for vanity number requests
2. Java Servlet API for the CORBA call and JSP for the custom socket programming
3. Entity EJBs for both
4. Session EJBs for both
5. JNDI for both
6. MQ Series with a JMS based solution for both

32 . Julia Fractals Inc. is building a J2EE based application for Order Entry and management of their fractal software. Once the order is taken, it is submitted to a relational database. A provisioning system then queries data and makes appropriate calls to various subsystems using JMS on MQ Series?
What design pattern is JMS an example of here?

Choose the one below:

1. Observer
2. Mediator
3. Adapter
4. Bridge
5. Visitor

33 . What design pattern best explains the use of the stub and the skeleton in CORBA based RPC applications?

1. Factory Method
2. Singleton
3. Strategy
4. Proxy
5. Decorator

34 . An application has three Stateless Session Beans – SB1, SB2 and SB3. The stubs that implement the respective Home Interfaces are SH1, SH2 and SH3. A client application performs a JNDI lookup to obtain a reference to one of these Home Objects. This is then narrowed and used to create the remote reference to the corresponding remote object?
What design pattern best explains the creation of the Remote Object, in this case?

Choose the one below:

1. Prototype
2. Builder
3. Factory Method
4. Business delegate
5. Service Locator

35 . When remote calls are made on the container provided implementations of the EJBHome and EJBObject, various transactional and security checks are applied before the call is actually passed on to the bean instance?
The Container provided implementations of EJBHome and EJBObject are performing what Design Pattern’s task?

Choose the one below:

1. Command
2. Adapter
3. Bridge
4. Decorator
5. Facade

36 . Compact Computers is a small computer assembly company. Their online application allows customers to pick and choose accessories to build their own PCs. The accessories are:

1. Processor – 800Mhz, 1Ghz, 1.2Ghz
2. HDD – 40 GB, 60 GB, 80 GB
3. Memory – 128 MB, 256 MB, 512 MB

If a computer can have exactly 1 processor, 1 HDD and 1 memory stick, what pattern would be best used here?

Choose the one below:

1. Factory Method
2. Builder
3. Prototype
4. Abstract Factory
5. Singleton

37 . Ibid is an e-auction house that auctions refurbished products. Each product has a minimum bid price. Buyers can query the system for a list of products and then select a product to bid on. They can then place a higher bid on the selected product. Transactional Integrity is very important as dirty reads, non-repeatable reads and phantom reads can lead to data inconsistency?

What technology combination might be most suitable for addressing Ibid’s needs?

Choose the one below:

1. Applets for presentation and JTA/JTS for transactional integrity
2. HTML and JSP for presentation, and Servlets for data retrieval and transaction management
3. Servlets and JSP for presentation, a stateful session bean with DAO for list retrieval and a stateless session bean for transaction management
4. Servlets and JSP for presentation, a stateless session bean with DAO for list retrieval and CMT Entity bean for Transaction management
5. Servlets and JSP for presentation, and a Java class to encapsulate database access and transaction management

38 . Heartbreak Hospital has two applications – Patient Registration System and Patient Billing System. Patient Billing, an older application has CORBA interfaces for updating Billing Information. The newer Patient Registration system was built as a Java based Application. Heartbreak now wants to automatically update Billing Information from the Patient Registration Application?
What Java technology may be most suited for this?

Choose the one below:

1. RMI-JRMP
2. RMI-JNI
3. RMI-IIOP
4. EJB
5. Java IDL
6. Java-CORBA Bridge

39 . In which of the following cases would an application not necessarily benefit from the use of Enterprise Java Beans?

1. Small Scale deployment
2. Large scale deployment
3. Transactional in nature
4. No Transactional requirements

40 . The container applies what memory management techniques in the case of Session Beans?

1. Bean Pooling
2. Bean Passivation
3. Bean Persistence
4. Bean Purge

41 . Outstanding Perf is a perfume manufacturing company. The management is currently in the process of architecting a new J2EE based solution for their online catalog. If performance is paramount and session state needs to be managed as well, it would be preferable to use HTTP and HTTPSession object as opposed to using HTTPS?
True/False?

Choose the one below:

1. True
2. False

42 . Staledexho, A renowned catering company has just contracted your services to track their orders. An online menu is available, for each country serviced. Customers choose what they want, the quantity and provide relevant billing information. Fed Ex ships the food in a special container?
What classes and APIs are you most likely to use to support Internationalization?

Choose the one below:

1. Locale
2. Collection Interface
3. ListIterator
4. ResourceBundle
5. KeyStore
6. OutputStreamWriter

43 . The conversion between 16-bit Unicode and 8-bit local encoding formats is done by?

1. MessageFormat and NumberFormat
2. Locale and ResourceBundle
3. Properties files
4. InputStreamReader and OutputStreamWriter

44 . Fire Hall, manufacturers of fire extinguishers, is building a corporate Intranet and wants its employees to access payroll information via the Internet. They are planning to use Applets, because of its richer GUI capabilities. The View401K applet requires a Java 1.4 plug in on the host where it is being executed. This applet will read data cached on a temporary directory in the host to calculate 401K distributions?
What are your observations on the use of Applets for this purpose?

Choose the one below:

1. The Applet technology is not a viable solution for this application because applets are subjected to the sandbox model, which prevents them from reading from or writing to the host where they are being executed
2. The Applet technology is a viable solution for this application because the Security policy of the Java 2 Platform is totally flexible

45 . Which of the following statements is true about SSL?

1. SSL runs above high-level application protocols such as HTTP and LDAP
2. SSL runs below TCP-IP
3. SSL runs above TCP-IP and below application protocols
4. SSL does not have anything to do with either the application or the network layer in the OSI model

46 . What happens when the remove() method is called on the Home Interface of an Entity Bean?

1. The remote reference is invalidated
2. The bean instance is destroyed
3. The bean instance is Passivated
4. The data represented by the bean instance is deleted from the database
5. The Bean Instance moves from pooled state to ready state

47 . What types of transactions are supported by Enterprise Java Beans?

1. Implicit Declarative Transactions
2. Explicit JTA based transactions
3. Either A or B (based on vendor implementation)
4. Both A and B

48 . With Entity Beans, the container automatically generates implementations of all find methods at deployment time?
True/False?

Choose the one below:

1. True
2. False

49 . What does the ejbCreate() method return in the case of Entity Beans in EJB 1.1?

1. A remote reference to the EJBObject for both BMP and CMP beans
2. The Bean’s Primary Key for both BMP and CMP beans
3. A reference to itself in BMP and NULL in CMP
4. NULL value of type BeanPK in CMP and Primary Key in BMP

50 . You have just started a new job working for a top finance company and you have been asked to provide a user-friendly interface to an existing mainframe application. You don’t have any access to the mainframes source code?
What is the best technique for this?

Choose the one below:

1. It can’t be done
2. Use a screen scraper
3. Re-write the main frame using Java and high-end Unix servers. Although it may take some time to do this in the long run this will benefit the company
4. Write a Java front end then use CORBA to communicate with the mainframe
5. Use the Java Native Interface (JNI) to communicate with the mainframe
6. Use object Mapping
7. Use JMS

51 . The company you have been working for has released the next generation of its sales system. You have several very powerful servers and a few basic servers at your disposal. A network expert has suggested that in order to get the best possible performance out of these machine you use reverse proxy load balancing?
What is reverse proxy load balancing?

Choose the one below:

1. Splitting requests evenly amongst all back end servers
2. The proxy sits behind the backend servers monitoring the performance of each one. When it notices one is being used too much it will automatically forward requests to a different server
3. Splitting requests amongst all back end servers depending on the amount of spare CPU time each server has available
4. A technique used to target certain requests to certain backend servers, e.g. All Servlet requests from one server. All static HTML from another
5. A way of filtering out certain requests. It is used to protect against denial of service attacks

Answers

27 : 4 is correct.
Explanation:
Option 4 shows a diagram with two packages A and B. Package A has a dependency with Package B. Hence choice 4 is correct.

In option 1, class A extends class B. Hence choice 1 is incorrect.

In option 2, class A implements interface B. Hence choice 2 is incorrect.

In option 3, class A has an association relationship with interface B. Hence choice 3 is incorrect.

In option 5, Package B has a dependency with Package A. Hence choice 5 is incorrect.

Since options 2 and 5 are incorrect, choices 6 and 7 are incorrect.

28 : 1 is correct.
Explanation:
The package Order has a dependency with the package Customer. Hence any changes in the Customer Package could impact the Order Package. Hence choice 1 is correct.

(Fowler 109)”A dependency between two packages exists if any dependency exists between any two classes in the packages.” Since Customer and OrderLine have no dependencies, choices 2 and 3 are incorrect.

Changes to the Customer package may impact the Order package. Hence choice 4 is incorrect.

29 : 1,2 & 4 is correct.
Explanation:
The multiplicity between A and B shown by (2,4) indicates that an A may have exactly 2 or 4 Bs associated with it. Hence choices 1, 2 and 4 are correct.

Choice 3 is incorrect because a 2 to 4 multiplicity would be indicated as (2..4)

The multiplicity shown is perfectly legal in UML. Choice 5 is therefore incorrect.

30 : 4 is correct.
Explanation:
The best approach in this case is to have the applets talk to Servlets that can act as mediators between the applets and the Legacy system. Hence choice 4 is correct.

Applets and JSP are used to construct the view of an MVC application. They should not be used as controllers for dispatching requests. Hence choices 2 and 3 are incorrect.

31 : 4 is correct.
Explanation:
Session beans can be used for making both the CORBA call for block purchase of telephone numbers and the custom synchronous call to request a special vanity number. Hence choice 4 is correct.

Both operations represent business processes involving partner OSS. integration. Applets are not used for modeling the business workflow of a system. Hence choice 1 is incorrect.

JSP represent the view construction process in an MVC application. They should not be used for processing business logic. Hence choice 2 is incorrect.

Entity beans represent the business model of an application and provide a representation of enterprise data. They are not to be used for workflow processing which is better accomplished by using Session Beans. Hence choice 3 is incorrect.

JNDI provides Naming and Directory interfaces not workflow processing. Hence choice 5 is incorrect.

The question specifically says that a synchronous mechanism is to be used for the vanity number request. The CORBA RPC call for TN reservation is also synchronous. MQ Series is a MOM used for messaging. Messaging is an inherently asynchronous communication mechanism. Hence choice 6 is incorrect.

32 : 4 is correct.
Explanation:
Bridge (GOF 151)”Decouple an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary independently.” In this case JMS is the abstraction. The implementation could be MQ Series, TIBCO Rendezvous and Vitria Businessware. Hence choice 4 is correct.

Observer (GOF 293)”Define a one-to-many dependency between objects so that when one object changes state, all its dependents are notified and updated automatically.” Hence choice 1 is incorrect.

Mediator (GOF 273)”Define an object that encapsulates how a set of objects interact. Mediator promotes loose coupling by keeping objects from referring to each other explicitly, and lets you vary their interaction independently.” Hence choice 2 is incorrect.

Adapter (GOF 139)”Convert the interface of a class into another interface clients expect. Adapter lets classes work together that couldn’t otherwise because of incompatible interfaces.” Hence choice 3 is incorrect.

Visitor (GOF 331)”Represent an operation to be performed on the elements of an object structure. Visitor lets you define a new operation without changing the classes of the elements on which it operates.” Hence choice 5 is incorrect.

33 : 4 is correct.
Explanation:
Proxy (GOF 207)”Provide a surrogate or placeholder for another object to control access to it.” Hence choice 5 is incorrect. The applicability section (GOF 208) defines ‘remote proxy’ as”A remote proxy provides a local representative for an object in a different address space.” Using the stub and the skeleton, CORBA based applications provide local representatives for distributed objects. Hence choice 4 is correct.

Factory Method (GOF 107)”Define an interface for creating an object, but let subclasses decide which class to instantiate. Factory method lets a class defer instantiation to subclasses.” Hence choice 1 is incorrect.

Singleton (GOF 127)”Ensure a class only has one instance, and provide a global point of access to it.” Hence choice 2 is incorrect.

Strategy (GOF 315)”Define a family of algorithms, encapsulate each one and make them interchangeable. Strategy lets the algorithm vary independently from clients that use it.” Hence choice 3 is incorrect.

Decorator (GOF 175)”Attach additional responsibilities to an object dynamically. Decorators provide a flexible alternative to subclassing for extending functionality.” Hence choice 5 is incorrect.

34 : 3 is correct.
Explanation:
Factory Method (GOF 107)”Define an interface for creating an object, but let subclasses decide which class to instantiate. Factory method lets a class defer instantiation to subclasses.”

Hence the closest pattern this concept is similar to is the Factory Method pattern. Therefore choice 3 is correct.

Prototype (GOF 117)” Specify the kinds of objects to create using a prototypical instance, and create new objects by copying this prototype.” Hence choice 1 is incorrect.

Builder (GOF 97)”Separate the construction of a complex object from its representation so that the same construction process can create different representations.” Hence choice 2 is incorrect.

The following is taken from: http://java.sun.com/blueprints/patterns/BusinessDelegate.html

“In distributed applications, lookup and exception handling for remote business components can be complex. When applications use business components directly, application code must change to reflect changes in business component APIs.

These problems can be solved by introducing an intermediate class called a business delegate, which decouples business components from the code that uses them. The Business Delegate pattern manages the complexity of distributed component lookup and exception handling, and may adapt the business component interface to a simpler interface for use by views.” Hence choice 4 is incorrect.

The following is taken from: http://java.sun.com/blueprints/patterns/ServiceLocator.html

“Enterprise applications require a way to look up the service objects that provide access to distributed components. Java™ 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE) applications use Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) to look up enterprise bean home interfaces, Java Message Service (JMS) components, data sources, connections, and connection factories. Repetitious lookup code makes code difficult to read and maintain. Furthermore, unnecessary JNDI initial context creation and service object lookups can cause performance problems.

The Service Locator pattern centralizes distributed service object lookups, provides a centralized point of control, and may act as a cache that eliminates redundant lookups. It also encapsulates any vendor-specific features of the lookup process.” Hence choice 5 is incorrect.

35 : 4 is correct.
Explanation:
The intent of the Decorator pattern as described by GOF (175) -“Attach additional responsibilities to an object dynamically. Decorators provide a flexible alternative to subclassing for extending functionality.” A request intended for a component is routed to the decorator instead. The decorator forwards the request to the component. It may perform pre or post processing tasks before or after forwarding the request. J2EE is filled with examples of the use of design patterns. The container provided implementations of EJBHome and EJBObject decorate bean classes by providing transactional and security functionalities.

Choice 1 is incorrect because Command is used to encapsulate a request as an object (GOF 233.) Choice 2 is incorrect because Adapter (GOF 139) converts the interface of a class into another interface clients expect. Choice 3 is incorrect because Bridge (GOF 151) decouples an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary independently and choice 5 is incorrect because Façade (GOF 185) provides a unified interface to a set of interfaces in a subsystem.

36 : 2 is correct.
Explanation:
Builder (GOF 97) separates the construction of a complex object from its representation so that the same construction process can create different representations. Here the complex object is a computer. A computer is always made up of exactly one processor, one HDD and one Memory stick (problem description.) However there is no predetermined formula for combining the parts. Hence Builder is the best pattern here and B is therefore the right answer.

Answer 1 is incorrect because Factory Method (GOF 107) defines an interface for creating an object but lets subclasses decide which class to instantiate. You may use factories of factories to construct a complex object, but by itself, the Factory method is good for creating one out of many. Example: create one processor out of a set of three processors.

Answer 3 is incorrect because Prototype (GOF 117) specifies the kinds of objects to create using a prototypical instance. Example: Given a processor, if you were asked to create a computer that used multi processors, this would be a good option.

Answer 4 is incorrect because Abstract Factory (GOF 87) provides an interface for creating a family of related or dependent objects. If the question had defined a relation such as ‘A computer of 800 MHz processor can only be coupled with a 40 GB HDD and 128 MB RAM stick’, this would have been an ideal solution.

Answer 5 is incorrect because Singleton (GOF 127) ensures that a class has only one instance (or a well-defined number of variable instances) and appropriate global pointers are available to the instance(s).

37 : 4 is correct.
Explanation:
The Model 2 architecture (based on the Model View Controller pattern) suggests that Servlets and JSP be used in the presentation tier. JSP combine template data with dynamic data to display dynamic content to the user. Servlets act as front controllers, and forward requests to appropriate events in the business logic tier. Unless concurrent use of shared data is involved, it may be an overkill to use Entity beans (as in the example of a simple list retrieval.) The list retrieval is therefore best accomplished by using a session bean with a Data Access Object (DAO.) Since the bidding represents concurrent use of shared data, this is best accomplished by using an Entity bean.

Choice 1 is incorrect because this would not be an ideal application for applets.

Choice 2 is incorrect because it suggests the use of Servlets for all retrieval and updates. Although possible, this is not recommended in the J2EE best practices as an ideal way when dealing with complex applications.

Choice 3 is incorrect because it is suggesting that a stateless session bean be used for managing concurrent access to shared data, something best done by entity beans. Choice 5 is incorrect because though it may be suited for smaller applications that are not very transactional in nature, the discussion specifically talks about the need for transactional integrity. Therefore this is not the recommended solution.

38 : 5 is correct.
Explanation:
The following is taken from:

http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3/docs/guide/idl/

“Java IDL adds CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) capability to the Java platform, providing standards-based interoperability and connectivity. Java IDL enables distributed Web-enabled Java applications to transparently invoke operations on remote network services using the industry standard IDL (Object Management Group Interface Definition Language) and IIOP (Internet Inter-ORB Protocol) defined by the Object Management Group.” Hence choice 5 is correct.

RMI-JRMP is used for distributed processing in a pure Java environment. Hence choice 1 is incorrect.

There is no indication whether the Patient Billing system supports JNI. Hence choice 2 is incorrect.

RMI-IIOP is useful when dealing with EJB applications. Hence choices 3 and 4 are incorrect.

There is no such thing as a Java-CORBA bridge. The Java IDL API performs that function. Hence choice 6 is incorrect.

39 : 1 & 4 is correct.
Explanation:
Enterprise Java Beans are best used with large and complex enterprise applications with high deployment and transactional requirements. Hence choices 1 And 4 are correct.

40 : 1 & 2 is correct.
Explanation:
While EJBs offer business services, EJB Containers offer many peripheral services such as memory management, persistence, transactions and so on. Bean Pooling (in the case of Stateless Session Beans) and Bean Passivation (in the case of Stateful Session Beans and Entity Beans) are two techniques the container uses for managing memory. Hence choices 1 and 2 are correct.

Bean persistence refers to persisting the data represented by Entity Beans to physical storages such as Relational, Object or other databases. It has nothing to do with memory management. Therefore choice 3 is incorrect.

There is nothing called Bean Purge. Beans are removed when the client calls the remove() method on the Home Interface (Stateful Session Beans) and when the container decides (in the case of Stateless Session Beans and Entity Beans which reside in Bean Pools when not in use.) In the case of Entity Beans, the remove() method also deletes the data the bean instance represents. Hence choice 4 is incorrect.

41 : 1 is correct.
Explanation:
The question specifies that performance is important. There is no mention of the security requirements. Apart from providing Session State, HTTPS includes additional functionality for allowing secure communication between the client and the server. Because of all the extra processing with encryption and decryption, HTTPS is slower than HTTP. Hence in this case, it may be preferable to use HTTP (which is stateless) with HTTPSession Object (to store state on the server.) Hence choice 1 is correct.

42 : 1,4 & 6 is correct.
Explanation:
The following is taken from:

http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/Intl/IntlIntro/

“Locales are used throughout the Java class libraries to customize how data is presented and formatted. They affect language choice, collation, calendar usage, date and time formats, number and currency formats, and many other culturally sensitive data representations. If you intend to create international Java applications, you’ll definitely use the java.util.Locale class. There’s no getting around it; you’ll use Locales to create well-behaved, internationalized, multilingual Java applications. So, if you haven’t had time to explore all the JDK 1.1 international features yet, you’ll get a clearer understanding of the core of the internationalization model, the Locale, as you read and understand the descriptions and examples in this article.

A Locale is a relatively simple object. It identifies a specific language and a geographic region. In fact, the only significant contents of a Locale object are language and country. Although superficially these attributes are not particularly impressive, they represent a very rich and interesting set of information. A Locale object represents the language and cultural preferences of a geographic area. Language is a fairly easy idea to grasp; cultural preferences may not be immediately clear. Dates, time, numbers, and currency are all examples of data that is formatted according to cultural expectations. Cultural preferences are tightly coupled to a geographic area; that’s why country is an important element of locale. Together these two elements (language and country) provide a precise context in which information can be presented. Using Locale, you can present information in the language and form that is best understood and appreciated by the user.

Resource Bundles – This internationalization feature of the JDK provides a mechanism for separating user interface (UI) elements and other locale-sensitive data from the application logic in a program. Separating locale-sensitive elements from other code allows easy translation. It allows you to create a single code base for an application even though you may provide 30 different language versions. Although you might be predisposed to think of text only, remember that any localizable element is a resource, including buttons, icons, and menus.

The JDK uses resource bundles to isolate localizable elements from the rest of the application. The resource bundle contains either the resource itself or a reference to it. With all resources separated into a bundle, the Java application simply loads the appropriate bundle for the active locale. If the user switches locales, the application just loads a different bundle.

Resource bundle names have two parts: a base name and a locale suffix. For example, suppose you create a resource bundle named MyBundle. Imagine that you have translated MyBundle for two different locales, ja_JP and fr_FR. The original MyBundle will be your default bundle; the one used when others cannot be found, or when no other locale-specific bundles exist. However, in addition to the default bundle, you’ll create two more bundles. In the example these bundles would be named MyBundle_ja_JP and MyBundle_fr_FR. The ResourceBundle.getBundle method relies on this naming convention to search for the bundle used for the active locale.

The java.util.ResourceBundle class is abstract, which means you must use a subclass of ResourceBundle. The JDK provides two subclasses: PropertyResourceBundle and ListResourceBundle. If these don’t meet your needs, you can create your own subclass of ResourceBundle.”

The following is taken from:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/i18n/text/stream.html

“The java.io package provides classes that allow you to convert between Unicode character streams and byte streams of non-Unicode text. With the InputStreamReader class, you can convert byte streams to character streams. You use the OutputStreamWriterclass to translate character streams into byte streams.”

Thus we can see that Locale, ResourceBundle and OutputStreamWriter play a vital role in Java Internationalization. Hence choices 1, 4 and 6 are correct.

The Collection interface, ListIterator and KeyStore are not relevant to I18N. Hence choices 2, 3 and 5 are incorrect.

43 : 4 is correct.
Explanation:
The following is taken from:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/i18n/text/stream.html

“The java.io package provides classes that allow you to convert between Unicode character streams and byte streams of non-Unicode text. With the InputStreamReader class, you can convert byte streams to character streams. You use the OutputStreamWriterclass to translate character streams into byte streams.” Hence choice 4 is correct.

MessageFormat, NumberFormat, Locale, ResourceBundle and properties files are all used in I18N. These are not however used for conversion between Unicode character format and local 8-bit byte streams. Hence choices 1, 2 and 3 are incorrect.

44 : 2 is correct.
Explanation:
The following is taken from:

http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/security1.2/overview/index.html

“JDK 1.1 introduced the concept of a “signed applet,” as illustrated in the next figure. A digitally signed applet is treated like local code, with full access to resources, if the public key used to verify the signature is trusted. Unsigned applets are still run in the sandbox. Signed applets are delivered, with their respective signatures, in signed JAR (Java Archive) files.

JDK 1.2 introduces a number of improvements over JDK 1.1. First, all code, regardless of whether it is local or remote, can now be subject to a security policy. The security policy defines the set of permissions available for code from various signers or locations and can be configured by a user or a system administrator. Each permission specifies a permitted access to a particular resource, such as read and write access to a specified file or directory or connect access to a given host and port.

The runtime system organizes code into individual domains, each of which encloses a set of classes whose instances are granted the same set of permissions. A domain can be configured to be equivalent to the sandbox, so applets can still be run in a restricted environment if the user or the administrator so chooses. Applications run unrestricted, as before, by default but can optionally be subject to a security policy.” As we can see, the Java 2 Security model is totally flexible. Hence choice 2 is correct.

45 : 3 is correct.
Explanation:
The following is taken from:

http://developer.netscape.com/docs/manuals/security/sslin/contents.htm

“The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) governs the transport and routing of data over the Internet. Other protocols, such as the HyperText Transport Protocol (HTTP), Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), or Internet Messaging Access Protocol (IMAP), run “on top of” TCP/IP in the sense that they all use TCP/IP to support typical application tasks such as displaying web pages or running email servers.

The SSL protocol runs above TCP/IP and below higher-level protocols such as HTTP or IMAP. It uses TCP/IP on behalf of the higher-level protocols, and in the process allows an SSL-enabled server to authenticate itself to an SSL-enabled client, allows the client to authenticate itself to the server, and allows both machines to establish an encrypted connection.” Therefore choice 3 is correct.

Choice 1 is incorrect because it suggests that SSL runs above application protocols.

Choice 2 is incorrect because it suggests that SSL runs below TCP/IP.

SSL runs between TCP/IP and HTTP. Hence choice 4 is incorrect.

46 : 1 & 4 is correct.
Explanation:
The remove() method, in the case of Entity Beans, invalidates the client stub, and deletes the data represented by the bean, from the database. Hence choices 1 and 4 are correct.

The bean instance is returned to the pool. It is not destroyed when the remove() method is called on an Entity Bean. Therefore choice 2 is incorrect.

The container passivates the bean instance whenever required (for memory management.) It is not a consequence of the remove() method though. Hence choice 3 is incorrect.

The Bean instance moves from the Ready State to the Pooled State upon removal, not the other way round as the point suggests. Hence choice 5 is incorrect.

47 : 4 is correct.
Explanation:
Enterprise Java Beans specification supports both Implicit Declarative transactions and explicit Java Transaction API (JTA) based transactions. Hence choice 4 is correct.

48 : 2 is correct.
Explanation:
The container only generates implementations of the find methods at deployment time, in the case of Container Managed Persistence.

49 : 4 is correct.
Explanation:
In EJB1.0, the ejbCreate() method returned void. In EJB1.1, a null value of the bean’s primary key type is returned by the ejbCreate() method (in CMP.) In BMP, the ejbCreate() method returns the primary key of the newly created entity. Hence choice 4 is correct.

The Container intercepts the return value from the Bean and returns a remote reference to the remote object, to the calling client. Hence choice 1 is incorrect.

Choice 2 suggests that the Primary Key of the newly created instance is returned in both CMP and BMP. Hence it is incorrect.

The Bean instance never returns a reference to itself upon creation. Hence choice 3 is incorrect.

50 : 2 is correct.
Explanation:
The key to this question is that you don’t have access to the mainframes source code. A screen scraper emulates a mainframe terminal. Basically the screen scraper logs on to the mainframe like a normal user and sends requests to the mainframe and then reads the response. The problem with a screen scraper is that if you change any of the mainframes code there is always the possibility that the screen scraper will stop working.Choice 1 is incorrect because it can be done. Choice 3 would take far too long, would cost too much and is not what the customer wants. Choice 4, 5 and 6 are not appropriate are would require access to the mainframes source code. Choice 7 is incorrect because there is no mention that the mainframe supports a messaging system. Some of them do and even provide interfaces for JMS however as it’s not stated in the question then this is not the right answer.

51 : 4 is correct.
Explanation:
Reverse proxy load balancing is generally used when you have servers with different amounts of CPUs and Memory. You might have some really powerful servers just to be used for SSL sessions and others to handle static html. Using this will maximise the performance of your application Choice 1 is a description of round-robin load distribution. Choice 2 doesn’t describe any particular method of load balancing. Choice 3 is an inaccurate description of reverse-proxy load balancing and you would need access to the mainframes source code to do this. Choice 5 is a cross between a firewall and a standard proxy server this does not do any load balancing.

1 . Which of the following are true about Active Replication?

1. It is a fault-tolerance mechanism
2. It is achieved by taking cold back ups
3. Each replica attempts to process each request but extra calls may be intercepted via an interceptor
4. State changes are logged and periodically flushed to the replicas
5. State is synchronized only when the primary service fails
6. Each replica is identical to the main service

2 . Which of the following are benefits of Server Clustering?

1. Replication
2. High Security
3. Easy Manageability
4. Load Balancing
5. Fault Tolerance

3 . Refer to the following diagram?

Choose the one below:

1. Class D implements Class C
2. Class C implements Class D
3. Interface C implements Class D
4. Interface D implements Class C
5. Class D implements interface C

4 . Which of the following are true about Passive Replication?

1. Primary Service and all replicas respond to all requests
2. Primary Service randomly delegates requests to one of the secondary replicas
3. Primary service handles all requests
4. State is periodically synchronized between the Primary service and all replicas
5. It is similar to hot backup
6. It is similar to Warm Backup

5 . CORBA is a standard for?

1. Messaging using virtual channels called Queues
2. Standardized development practices
3. Messaging using virtual channels called topics
4. Accessing distributed object systems in many platforms and languages
5. Accessing Distributed object systems based only on Java Technologies

6 . RMI-IIOP does not provide which of the following capabilities?

1. Remote Method Invocation
2. Stub Downloads
3. Objects pass by value (state only)
4. Distributed Garbage Collection

7 . Which of the following are not true about Screen Scrapers?

1. Screen scrapers function as Terminal Emulators on one end and as Object Interfaces on the other
2. Screen Scraping may be a useful tool when used in conjunction with the off-board servers
3. Changes to legacy UI has little or no impact on the new GUI
4. Screen Scraping is best used when the legacy clients have loose coupling with other tiers

8 . Which of the following methods may be present in the Home Interface of an Entity Bean?

1. create()
2. findByPrimaryKey()
3. remove()
4. locateByPrimaryKey()
5. retrieveBean()

9 . Undefined Primary Keys refers to?

1. Refers to Entity Beans that do not use Primary Keys
2. Primary Keys that are defined during development
3. Primary Keys that remain undefined until the bean is deployed
4. Entity Beans cannot have undefined Primary Keys

10 . Which of the following are valid life cycle states for a Stateless Session Bean?

1. Does not Exist
2. Pooled State
3. Method Ready Pool
4. Passive

11 . Both CMT and BMT may be used with Entity and Session Beans? True or False?

Choose the one below:

1. True
2. False

12 . A session bean called SomeBean has a method called someMethod(), which calls someOtherMethod (same bean) followed by someOtherBeanMethod() of SomeOtherBean. SomeOtherBean is an Entity Bean with CMT?
Which of the following is true?

Choose the one below:

1. SomeOtherBean has no control on the transaction since it is a CMT bean
2. SomeOtherBean has full access to the UserTransaction object through which it can control the transaction
3. SomeOtherBean has access only to the transaction methods in EJBContext, which gives it the power to veto transactions
4. SomeOtherBean has access on the transaction only if the method had RequiresNew set as its transaction attribute

13 . Which of the following is not a resource management technique?

1. Maintaining a smaller pool of Stateless Beans to serve a large number of clients
2. Providing Database Connection Pooling
3. Persistence of Entity Beans
4. Passivation of Stateful Beans

14 . Which of the following are invalid states in the life of a Stateful Session Bean?

1. Does Not Exist
2. Method Ready Pool
3. Method Ready in Transaction
4. Method Ready
5. Ready
6. Pooled
7. Passive

15 . What is the sequence of steps in the life cycle of a Stateless Session Bean?

1. class.newInstance(), setSessionContext (ctx), ejbCreate()
2. ejbCreate(), setSessionContext (ctx), class.newInstance()
3. class.newInstance(), ejbCreate(), setSessionContext (ctx)
4. setSessionContext (ctx), ejbCreate(), class.newInstance()

16 . HTTPS is defined as?

1. HTTP with Security
2. HTTP on secure line
3. HTTP over SSL
4. HTTP with SSL

17 . HTTP is?

1. Connection Less
2. Connection Base
3. Stateful
4. Stateless
5. Secure

18 . Asynchronous communication is achieved by using?

1. Remote Procedure Calls
2. RMI/IIOP
3. Message Oriented Middleware
4. CORBA

19 . Which of the following is not part of the Messaging architecture?

1. Decentralized messaging using IP Multicasting
2. Decentralized messaging using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
3. Use of virtual channels called Queues
4. Use of virtual channels called Topics

20 . In P2P, clients send messages to?

1. A designated queue
2. Multiple Queues
3. A specific node for redistribution to subscribers
4. CORBA compliant ORB

21 . Happy Joe Banking Corporation is building a Banking application to provide online access to their account holders. They have chosen 2 SUN 450s for their web server cluster and 1 SUN E10000 for their application server. The business requirements indicate that to become a customer, a person must have at least a primary checking account with the bank. Further since the customer will be using the Internet to view confidential information, security is considered paramount?

What do you understand about the requirements of the system?

Choose the one below:

1. The need for Security is a classic example of a functional service level requirement and the checking account rule, an example of non-functional QoS requirement
2. The discussion about Security and the mandatory checking account both illustrate functional service level requirements
3. Neither Security nor the mandatory Checking Account is an example of any kind of requirements, theoretically speaking
4. Security is an Architectural non-functional requirement and the Mandatory Checking Account a functional design requirement
5. They are both examples of Business Use Cases

22 . In an interview between the senior management of Happy Joe Banking Corporation and the J2EE application architect Scott Khosla?

The following points were discussed:

1. The system needed to respond within 5 seconds
2. The system is needed to have a 99.9% uptime
3. HJBC was in the process of acquiring another bank which would add two hundred thousand customers to their already existing half million
4. Each phase of the SDLC was to have a clear sign off process
5. The development team was expected to provide a detailed unit test plan and user documentation
6. In order to ensure privacy, HTTPS was to be used

23 . What non-functional requirements were discussed?

1. Scalability, Availability, Extensibility, Manageability and Security
2. Performance, Reliability, Elaboration, Transition, Documentation and Security
3. Specification, Elaboration, Construction, Transition, Use Cases and Security
4. Performance, Availability, Scalability and Security
5. Reliability, Availability, Scalability, Manageability and Security

24 . N-tier applications show better performance than 2-tier applications because they are modular in nature, which means that they can be scaled easily, by tuning components and containers individually?

True/False ?

Choose the one below:

1. True
2. False

25 . Moon Microsystems has a web-based solution that was originally built using Servlets. However, in recent months, the IS manager has asked developers to use JSP technology with Java Scriptlets embedded in HTML code. Scott Khosla, the architect, however is insisting that the code be modularized and that EJBs be used instead of Servlets and JSP for business logic processing. In asking developers to modularize existing code?
what software development technique is Scott asking the developers to follow?

Choose the one below:

1. Code Break up
2. Code engineering
3. Code Tiering
4. Code Factoring

26 . Refer to the following exhibit?

In UML,

Choose the one below:

1. (i) represents an object and (ii) a class
2. (ii) represents a package and (i) a class
3. (i) represents a class and (ii) an object
4. (i) and (ii) both represent components

Answers

1 : 1,3 & 6 is correct. 
Explanation:
Active Replication is a fault tolerance mechanism where each replica is identical to the main service and attempts to service each request. An interceptor is used to block extra responses. Active replication is similar in concept to Hot Backups. Hence choices 1, 3 and 6 are correct.

Active Replication is not achieved through cold backups. In cold backups, the replicas are not constantly updated. Their state is synchronized with the primary service in regular intervals. In the event that the primary service fails, one of the replicas has to be synchronized (perhaps with data from a storage device) before it can service requests. Hence choice 2 is incorrect.

Choice 4 refers to the concept of Warm Backus. In warm backups, only the primary service responds to requests. However all activity is constantly logged. Periodically these logs may also get flushed to the replicas. When the primary service fails, a replica takes over after its state is synchronized with the logs. Hence choice 4 is incorrect.

With active replication, as mentioned before, the state of all replicas is constantly synchronized. Hence choice 5 is incorrect.

2 : 1,4 & 5 is correct. 
Explanation:
Through the use of replicas, server clusters increase the reliability and availability of a system. They provide a fault tolerance mechanism with load distribution and load balancing capabilities. Hence choices 1, 4 and 5 are correct.

J2EE applications offer security features through Identification, Authentication and Authorization mechanisms. In addition they also provide APIs that allow secure communication, encryption of messages and so on. This is not a feature of server clusters though. Hence choice 2 is incorrect.

Managing multiple servers is always a harder than managing just one server. Hence easy manageability may not always be true with distributed platforms. With J2EE, due to clear roles and responsibilities of tiers and layers, applications may be relatively easier to manage than other distributed systems. However manageability is not the best asset of distributed systems. Hence choice 3 is incorrect.

3 : 5 is correct. 
Explanation:
In the diagram, A and B are classes, C is an interface and D is a class that implements C. Hence Choice 5 is correct.

Choice 1 is incorrect because <<Interface>> C is not a class and you can only extend classes, not implement them. Choice 2 is the reverse of choice A but again incorrect because C is an interface, not a class.

Choice 3 is incorrect because it claims that the interface C implements class D, whereas in reality class D implements interface C.

Choice 4 is incorrect because it claims that D is an interface. And C is a class, while it is the other way round.

4 : 3,4 & 6 is correct. 
Explanation:
In Passive Replication, the primary service handles all requests. The state of the replicas is periodically synchronized. In the event that the primary service fails, one of the replicas takes over after its state is synchronized (with log files, for example.) In concept, passive replication is similar to that of Warm Backups. Hence choices 3, 4 and 6 are correct.

Only in Active Replication, the primary service and all replicas respond to all requests. Hence choice 1 is incorrect.

Choice 2 seems to indicate that Passive replication uses some kind of load distribution mechanism. Hence choice 2 is incorrect.

Passive replication is similar to warm backups as opposed to active replication, which is similar to hot backups. Hence choice 5 is incorrect.

5 : 4 is correct. 
Explanation:
Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) is a standard for distributed communication involving applications written using different languages. Hence choice 4 is accurate.

Queues are the mechanism by which two parties communicate in a Point-to-Point asynchronous messaging paradigm. Hence choice 1 is incorrect.

Choice 2 indicates that CORBA is a methodology, as opposed to a standard and is incorrect.

Topics are the mechanism through with Publish Subscribe messaging is accomplished. Choice 3 is incorrect.

Although choice 5 talks about distributed object systems, it is referring to pure Java objects. CORBA is used object distribution involving different languages. Hence choice 5 is incorrect.

6 : 2 & 4 is correct. 
Explanation:
RMI-IIOP does not support Stub downloads and distributed garbage collection. Hence choices 2 and 4 are correct.

Both Remote Method Invocation and Objects pass by value are supported by RMI-IIOP. Hence choices 1 and 3 are incorrect.

7 : 3 & 4 is correct. 
Explanation:
When using screen scrapers, any changes to the legacy user interface will also affect the new GUI. Also screen scraping is the best alternative only if the existing UI is very tightly coupled with the business tier of the legacy application. Hence choices 3 and 4 are false and therefore the correct choices.

Choices 1 and 2 are true about screen scrapers and hence incorrect.

8 : 1,2 & 3 is correct. 
Explanation:
The Home Interface provides methods for creation, location and removal of beans. Hence you could find create(), findByPrimaryKey() and remove() methods in the bean’s Home Interface. Choices 1, 2 and 3 are therefore correct.

There are no methods like locateByPrimaryKey() and retrieveBean() in the Home Interface. Hence choices 4 and 5 are incorrect.

9 : 3 is correct. 
Explanation:
One problem with container-managed persistence in EJB 1.0 was that the bean developer had to define the primary key during development. This forced the developer to make assumptions thus limiting the bean’s portability across databases. EJB 1.1 allows the primary key to remain undefined until deployment. Hence choice 3 is correct.

Choice 1 is incorrect because all entity beans must have a serializable primary key that can be used to uniquely identify an entity bean in the database.

Undefined Primary Keys are not defined during development. Hence choice 2 is incorrect.

Choice 4 is incorrect because it indicates that Entity Beans are not allowed to have undefined Primary Keys. This was true in EJB1.0 but not in EJB1.1.

10 : 1 & 3 is correct. 
Explanation:
The two valid states in a Stateless Session Bean’s life cycle are ‘Does Not Exist’ and ‘Method Ready Pool.’ When Beans are not instantiated they are said to be in the ‘Does Not Exist’ state. Beans transition from ‘Does Not Exist’ to ‘Method Ready Pool’ when instantiated. The container does this automatically, as needed. Hence choices 1 and 3 are correct.

Pooled and Passive are not valid states in the lifecycle of a Stateless Session Bean. Hence choices 2 and 4 are incorrect.

11 : 2 is correct. 
Explanation:
With EJB1.1 only Session Beans with <transaction-type> equal to ‘Bean’ can have bean-managed transactions. Entity Beans are not allowed to be BMT beans. Hence choice 2 is correct.

12 : 3 is correct. 
Explanation:
Only BMT beans have access to the User-Transaction from the EJBContext. The EJBContext provides the methods setRollbackOnly() and getRollbackOnly(), to provide CMT beans access to the transaction. The setRollbackOnly() method gives a bean the power to veto a transaction. Hence choice 3 is correct.

Choice 1 is incorrect because the entity bean has the capability to veto the transaction.

Choice 2 is incorrect because CMT beans only have the power to veto user transactions.

Choice 4 makes an incorrect argument and is thus wrong.

13 : 3 is correct. 
Explanation:
Persistence of Entity beans is the ability to save data represented by the bean into a database. It is not a resource management technique. Choice 3 is false and therefore correct.

Maintaining a smaller number of beans to serve a larger number of clients is a very clever resource management technique. It is also an example of the Flyweight Design Pattern. Choice 1 is thus a resource management technique and therefore incorrect.

Database connection pooling, a similar concept as bean pools, is also a good resource management technique. Choice 2 is therefore incorrect.

With Stateful Session Beans, the container uses passivation to manage memory. In passivation the state of the bean is serialized and its memory freed up for reuse by other services. Hence bean passivation is a memory management technique making choice 4 incorrect.

14 : 2,5 & 6 is correct. 
Explanation:
The valid life cycle states of a Stateful Session Bean are ‘Does Not Exist’, ‘Method Ready’, ‘Method Ready in Transaction’ and ‘Passive’. ‘Method Ready Pool’ is a life cycle state of Stateless Session Beans. ‘Pooled’ and ‘Ready’ are life cycle states of Entity Beans. Hence choices 2, 5 and 6 are correct.

15 : 1 is correct. 
Explanation:
When Stateless Session Beans transition from ‘Does Not Exist’ to ‘Method Ready Pool’, the container invokes newInstance(), setSessionContext() and ejbCreate() methods. Hence choice 1 is correct.

Although choices 2, 3 and 4 have the same methods, the order in which they appear to be called is wrong. Therefore choices 2, 3 and 4 are incorrect.

16 : 3 is correct. 
Explanation:
HTTPS stands for HTTP over SSL. With HTTPS, SSL sits above the TCP-IP layer and below the application protocol layer. Hence choice 3 is correct.

17 : 2 & 4 is correct. 
Explanation:
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is a transport mechanism for MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) documents. MIME documents often contain HTML (HyperText Markup Language) code for display in browser windows. HTTP consists of a request sent by the client to the server, followed by a response sent from the server back to the client. HTTP uses TCP/IP as the underlying transport and network protocols.

The following is taken from:

http://www.w3.org/Protocols/Activity.html

“Whenever a client accesses a document, an image, a sound bite etc. HTTP/1.0 creates a new TCP connection and as soon as it is done, it is immediately dismissed and never reused.”

“HTTP/1.1 fixes this in two ways. First, it allows the client to reuse the same TCP connection (persistent connections) again and again when talking to the same server. Second, it makes sure that the courier carries as much information as possible (pipelining) so that it doesn’t have to run back and forth as much. That is, not only does HTTP/1.1 use less TCP connections, it also makes sure that they are better used. The result is less traffic jam and faster delivery.”

The following is taken from:

http://www.w3.org/Protocols/HTTP/HTTP2.html

“HTTP is a protocol with the lightness and speed necessary for a distributed collaborative hypermedia information system. It is a generic stateless object-oriented protocol, which may be used for many similar tasks such as name servers, and distributed object-oriented systems, by extending the commands, or ‘methods’, used.”

Hence choices 2 and 4 are correct. Since choices 1 and 3 are the opposite, they are incorrect.

HTTP can be made secure by using ‘HTTP over SSL’ or HTTPS. But by itself, HTTP is not secure. Hence choice 5 is incorrect.

18 : 3 is correct. 
Explanation:
Message Oriented Middleware or MOM is used for asynchronous messaging between applications. Most popular implementations support Point to Point (one to one) and Publish Subscribe (one to many) messaging. Hence choice 3 is correct.

Remote Procedure Calls are used for synchronous communication between applications. CORBA and RMI/IIOP are two protocols that support RPC based communication. Hence choices 1, 2 and 4 are incorrect.

19 : 2 is correct. 
Explanation:
Only choice 2 is not a standard paradigm in messaging architecture. Hence choice 2 is correct.

IP Multicasting can be used as a technique for decentralized messaging. Queues and Topics are used with Point to Point and Publish Subscribe messaging. Hence choices 1, 3 and 4 are incorrect.

20 : 1 is correct. 
Explanation:
P2P or Point to Point messaging is used for one to one communication between two components or applications. In the P2P model, message producers send messages to a designated queue. Hence choice 1 is correct.

Although it is possible to mimic Publish Subscribe architecture by sending P2P messages to multiple queues, it is not a standard practice. Hence choice 2 is incorrect.

In Publish Subscribe architecture, messages are sent to a specific node for redistribution to subscribers. Hence choice 3 is incorrect.

CORBA is an RPC protocol and is not used for asynchronous messaging. Hence choice 4 is incorrect.

21 : 4 is correct. 
Explanation:
Successful software architecture deals with addressing the non-functional service level requirements of a system. The Design process takes all the functional business requirements into account. Security is considered a non-functional requirement and specific business rules, such as the one described with the checking account are considered functional requirements. 4 is the only choice that accurately describes this.

1 is incorrect because the functional and non-functional requirements are flipped over.

2 is incorrect because only one of them is a functional requirement.

3 is incorrect because as described above, one of them is a functional requirement and the other, a non-functional requirement.

Finally 4 is incorrect because business analysis may start with use cases (where the checking account rules may be captured), but this discussion is specifically questioning functional vs. non-functional requirements.

22 :

23 : 4 is correct. 
Explanation:
The non-functional service level requirements discussed are Performance (system needs to respond within 5 seconds), Availability (system is needed to have a 99.9% uptime), Scalability (additional two hundred thousand subscribers), and Security (HTTPS is to be used.) Hence choice 4 is correct.

There is no mention of extensibility (ability to easily add or extend functionality) and Manageability (ability to monitor the health of the system.) Hence choice 1 is incorrect.

Specification, Elaboration, Construction, Transition, Documentation and use cases are not non-functional service level requirements. Hence choices 2 and 3 are incorrect.

While scalability and reliability may be related (will the system perform as reliably when more users operate on it), there is no mention of reliability in the question. Hence choice 5 is incorrect.

24 : 1 is correct. 
Explanation:
N-Tier applications (especially those based on J2EE) are designed to be very modular in nature. The tiers and layers separate roles and responsibilities of each component and container. Hence components and containers can be individually targeted and scaled as needed. This results in better performance. Hence choice 1 is correct.

25 : 4 is correct. 
Explanation:
Software applications have a tendency to grow in complexity over time. When that happens, they become difficult to extend, maintain and modify. They also become hard to understand.

Code factoring is a modularization technique that deals with the separation of responsibilities in code. Factored code has loose coupling and minimal dependencies, making components and code more reusable. Hence choice 4 is correct.

There are no concepts like code break up, code engineering or code tiering. Hence choices 1, 2 and 3 are incorrect.

26 : 3 is correct. 
Explanation:
In the above diagram Aclass represents a class and: Aclass represents an object. Hence choice 3 is correct.